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| c. 75 |
| | | The dioptra, developed by Hero of Alexandria for surveying land, is an early form of theodolite | |
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| 105 |
| | | The eunuch Ts'ai Lun either invents paper or presents a report on the new substance to the Chinese emperor | |
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| c. 250 |
| | | Roman socks, surviving in dry Egyptian tombs, are the earliest known examples of knitting | |
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| 644 |
| | | A document makes the first known reference to windmills, in use in Persia | |
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| 751 |
| | | Skilled Chinese paper-makers are captured by the Arabs - beginning the slow westward transmission of the technology of paper | |
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| c. 1050 |
| | | The earliest surviving reference to the principle of the compass occurs in a Chinese manuscript | |
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| 1064 |
| | | Su Sung, a Buddhist monk, develops in China the principle of the escapement in his tower clock worked by a water wheel | |
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| c. 1200 |
| | | The Chinese develop a feature of great significance in the history of seafaring - a sternpost rudder which is an integral part of the ship | |
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| 1268 |
| | | The first mention of a lens occurs in a manuscript by Roger Bacon, to be soon followed by the invention of spectacles | |
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| 1364 |
| | | A great clock is completed in Padua, regulated mechanically by foliot and escapement | |
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